亚马逊巨人食鸟蛛

📖 1. 概览

足展直径达30cm（盘子大小），体重达175g，是载入吉尼斯世界纪录的世界上最重、最庞大的蜘蛛。

🌐 Wikipedia 摘要摘录

The Goliath birdeater is a large spider that belongs to the tarantula family Theraphosidae. Found in northern South America, it is the largest spider in the world by mass and body length, and second to the giant huntsman spider by leg span. It is also considerably longer than the largest known prehistoric spider, Mongolarachne, that had a body length of 2.46 centimeters (0.97 in). It is also called the Goliath tarantula or Goliath bird-eating spider; the practice of calling theraphosids "bird-eating" derives from an early 18th-century copper engraving by Maria Sibylla Merian that shows one eating a hummingbird. Despite the spider's name, it rarely preys on birds.

🦴 2. 身体结构与特征

除了长达2～3cm的巨大毒牙（螯肢，Chelicerae）外，感到威胁时它还会用后腿摩擦腹部，踢飞微小的鱼叉状蛰毛，攻击捕食者的眼睛和呼吸道。

🔍 3. 生态与行为

虽然名字叫“食鸟蛛（Birdeater）”，但在野外它的主食实际上是大型蚯蚓、蛙类、蜥蜴和啮齿动物。

🇰🇷 4. 与韩国的关联

它是阐述蛛形纲（Arachnida）身体结构极限与液压式步足运动原理的代表物种。