アムールトラ (シベリアトラ)

📖 1. 概要

現生のネコ科動物の中で最も体格が巨大な頂点捕食者であり、古くから朝鮮半島の「山君」として崇められてきたシベリアトラ（韓国トラ）です。

🌐 Wikipedia 要約抜粋

The Siberian tiger or Amur tiger is a population of the tiger subspecies Panthera tigris tigris native to Northeast China, the Russian Far East, and possibly North Korea. It once ranged throughout the Korean Peninsula, but was eradicated in the area during the period of Japanese rule between 1910 and 1945, and currently inhabits mainly the Sikhote-Alin mountain region in the southwest of Primorsky Krai in the Russian Far East. In 2005, there were 331–393 adult and subadult Siberian tigers in this region, with a breeding adult population of about 250 individuals. The population had been stable for more than a decade because of intensive conservation efforts, but partial surveys conducted after 2005 indicate that the Russian tiger population was declining. An initial census held in 2015 indicated that the Siberian tiger population had increased to 480–540 individuals in the Russian Far East, including 100 cubs. This was followed up by a more detailed census, which revealed there was a total population of 562 wild Siberian tigers in Russia. As of 2014, about 35 individuals were estimated to be in the international border area between Russia and China. As of 2022, about 756 Siberian tigers, including 200 cubs, were estimated to inhabit the Russian Far East.

🦴 2. 体の構造と特徴

氷点下40度の雪原に耐える密生した冬毛と巨大な肉球パッド、約4,500Nの咬合力と10cmの鉤爪を備えています。

🔍 3. 生態と行動

単独生活を送っており、オス1頭の行動圏は最大1,000km²に達します。主にイノシシやアカシカを狩ります。

🇰🇷 4. 韓国との関わり

韓国環境部指定の絶滅危惧野生生物I級であり、慶尚北道奉化の国立白頭大幹樹木園「トラの森」で保全研究が進められています。